Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing
Volume 25, Issue 4 , Pages 221-225 , August 2010

Perianesthesia Management of Raynaud’s Phenomenon—A Case Report

  • Yong X. Liang, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Yong X. Liang, Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266000, People’s Republic of China
    • ,
  • Miao N. Gu, MD
    • ,
  • Shi D. Wang, MD
    • ,
  • Hai C. Chu, MD

References 

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  5. Hummers LK, Wigley FM. Management of Raynaud’s phenomenon and digital ischemic lesions in scleroderma. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2003;29:293–313
  6. Beck TG. Raynaud’s phenomenon in mixed connective tissue disease. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2005;31:465
  7. Martine G. Raynaud’s phenomenon. Autoimmun Rev. 2008;8:62–68
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  9. Mosca MC, Tani C, Neri C, et al. Undifferentiated connective tissue diseases (UCTD). Autoimmune. 2006;6:1–4
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  11. Grader TB. Raynaud’s phenomenon in mixed connective tissue disease. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2005;31:465
  12. García MC. [El tratamiento del fenómeno de Raynaud]. Rev Esp Reumatol. 2000;27:322–327
  13. Lekakis JC, Papamichael C, Mavrikakis M, et al. Effect of long-term estrogen therapy on brachial arterial endothelium-dependent vasodilation in women with Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82:1555–1557
  14. Palesch YY, Valter I, Carpentier PH, et al. Association between cigarette and alcohol consumption and Raynaud’s phenomenon. J Clin Epidemiol. 1999;52:321–328
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  16. Lazzerini PE, Capecchi PL, Bisogno S, et al. Homocysteine and Raynaud’s phenomenon: A review. Autoimmun Rev. 2010;9:181–187
  17. Thompson B, Geller NL, Hunsberger S, et al. Behavioral and pharmacologic interventions: The Raynaud’s treatment study. Control Clin Trials. 1999;20:52–63
  18. Belch JJ, Ho M. Pharmacotherapy of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Drugs. 1996;52:682–695
  19. Mario GC, Mario JH, Ricardo OE, et al. Treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Autoimmun Rev. 2008;8:62–68
  20. Opie LH, Yusuf S, Kübler W. Current status of safety and efficacy of calcium channel blockers in cardiovascular diseases: A critical analysis based on 100 studies. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2000;43:171–196
  21. Suter LG, Murabito JM, Felson DT, et al. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and Raynaud’s phenomenon in middle age. Am J Med. 2007;120:264–271

PII: S1089-9472(10)00243-1

doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2010.05.012

Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing
Volume 25, Issue 4 , Pages 221-225 , August 2010

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